It is not officially supported, but I think you should be fine.
One thing to be aware of, is if you are going to use a package, that uses the .NET version for multitargeting. Then it would install the v14/v15 version of the package.
In most cases it will probably work fine. However, it’s not officially supported and a newer .NET version could have breaking changes, causing different behaviour. I would personally just stick to the supported .NET version to make sure you don’t run into weird unexplained things, even if it does work in 99,9% of the time.
I’ve had an issue with SQL Server and Sitecore once because I thought the same: what does it matter if I have a newer SQL Server version than the supported one? It all works. But some minor changes still caused weird errors.
As in what Other have said, it would probably be just fine. But why would you need to upgrade to .NET9? .NET8 is the LTS, and will be supported longer then the .NET9. Unless you have a specific reason to upgrade to .NET9, I wouldn’t.